political science
Hamid Sajadi
Abstract
Nicholas Luhmann's systems theory as a social theory has created a good perspective for understanding the social system and the modern world. Theory of Systems and Paradigm Shift in Sociology compiled and translated by Ali Ardestani is an important work about Luhmann. This work contains five articles ...
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Nicholas Luhmann's systems theory as a social theory has created a good perspective for understanding the social system and the modern world. Theory of Systems and Paradigm Shift in Sociology compiled and translated by Ali Ardestani is an important work about Luhmann. This work contains five articles by Nicholas Luhmann entitled: Changing Paradigms in Systems Theory, New Systems Theory, Society Theory, Modernity of Science, Globalization, or the Global Community: How to Understand the Global Community, Speech and Silence, and three articles by other authors entitled Why Systems, Heritage Luhmann is the foundation of the social systems. By focusing on social theory, communication theory, and evolution theory as the main elements of system theory on the one hand and placing the social system in relation to the environment of both the modern world and the world community on the other hand, the work in question has provided an acceptable explanation of systems theory. However, the work in question is not without flaws; poor coverage of topics, as well as incomprehensible translations and equations, are notable. Therefore, in the leading article, while explaining the theory of systems, which constitutes the main content of the book, it is reviewed in three parts: form, content, and translation.
political science
Hamid Sajadi
Abstract
The tradition directs the changes and developments of Islamic society with a certain formulation of thought. Rejecting its historic rules, the tradition prevents critical questions, extends its domination to contemporary reading, and protects religion by adhering to it. The orientalist pattern and the ...
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The tradition directs the changes and developments of Islamic society with a certain formulation of thought. Rejecting its historic rules, the tradition prevents critical questions, extends its domination to contemporary reading, and protects religion by adhering to it. The orientalist pattern and the traditional method of understanding are two important approaches in interpreting and understanding the tradition. Each of the two methods presents different perspectives and outcomes of Middle Eastern political knowledge. But none of them shows how power has shaped knowledge and products of religious thought while taking benefit of them in the favor of its own strategies and goals. None of these two methods have focused on identifying alternative political patterns that are altered and rejected in order to make the existing order the only possible model of legitimate political life. Adopting a discursive approach, the book, "Power and Knowledge in Iran, the Islamic Era", attempts to demonstrate how and through what mechanism, Islamic discourse highlights and diversifies plural concepts, and how it extends a central concept while projecting it as an absolute, beyond time and place notion. Nonetheless, the expectations resulted from adopting such a framework would go beyond that. Such expectations, being particularly based on the discursive presuppositions, are the evaluation core of this work along with other details of the text.
political science
Hamid Sajadi
Abstract
Globalization is accompanied by the expansion of mass communication across the globe. Regarding the magnitude and type of the significant impacts left by globalization and cosmopolitan connections on cultural developments, various theories have been formed, among which the most important we can refer ...
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Globalization is accompanied by the expansion of mass communication across the globe. Regarding the magnitude and type of the significant impacts left by globalization and cosmopolitan connections on cultural developments, various theories have been formed, among which the most important we can refer to the theory of cultural convergence and the theory of cultural polarization. The main issue is the relationship between cultural diversity and globalization, which Norris and Inglehart have tested in their book, Cosmopolitan Communications: Cultural Diversity in a Globalized World, through an extensive survey based on variables such as the use of the news media, cultural values, liberal views, and secularism. According to the results of this study, globalization has had a convergent aspect only in the areas close to the center of the mass communications world, while the fact is that due to the so-called firewalls, a major part of the world is not highly exposed to global mass communications. The result is that, despite the prevalence of the globalization process, the main core of national cultures still remains in the world. The present paper tries to review and examine the relationship between globalization and cultural diversity introduced in the collaborative research of Norris and Inglehart, which is translated into Persian by Abdollah Fazeli and Sajedeh Allameh and published in a book entitled “Globalization and Cultural Diversity” by Kavir Publishing. In addition to the review and analysis of the content of this work, its form and translation are also considered in this paper.
